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|Section2= |Section3= |Section7= |Section8= }} Phosphoryl chloride (commonly called phosphorus oxychloride) is a colourless liquid with the formula 3. With the freezing point of 1 °C and boiling point 106 °C, the liquid range is, incidentally, rather similar to water. It hydrolyses in moist air releasing phosphoric acid and choking fumes of hydrogen chloride. It is manufactured industrially on a large scale from phosphorus trichloride and oxygen or phosphorus pentoxide. It is mainly used to make phosphate esters such as tricresyl phosphate. ==Structure== Like phosphate, phosphoryl chloride is tetrahedral in shape. It features three P-Cl bonds and one strong P=O double bond, with an estimated bond dissociation energy of 533.5 kJ/mol. On the basis of bond length and electronegativity, the Schomaker-Stevenson rule suggests that the double bond form is very dominant (in contrast with POF3). The P=O bond does not utilize the ''d''-orbitals on phosphorus as is commonly described in older textbooks as quantum chemical calculations have shown that d-orbitals are not involved in main group chemical bonding (see Hypervalent molecule). More modern texts favour a description which involves the donation of the lone pair electrons from oxygen p-orbitals to the antibonding phosphorus-chlorine bonds thus constituting π bonding. :::where pm = picometers 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Phosphoryl chloride」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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